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Prototype Prescribing Outlier Dashboard for Dykes Hall Medical Centre

At OpenPrescribing we are piloting a number of data-driven approaches to identify unusual prescribing and collect feedback on this prescribing to inform development of new tools to support prescribers and organisations to audit and review prescribing. These pilot results are provided for the interest of advanced users, although we don't know how relevant they are in practice. There is substantial variation in prescribing behaviours, across various different areas of medicine. Some variation can be explained by demographic changes, or local policies or guidelines, but much of the remaining variation is less easy to explain.

The DataLab is keen to hear your feedback on the results. You can do this by completing the following survey or emailing us at [email protected]. Please DO NOT INCLUDE IDENTIFIABLE PATIENT information in your feedback. All feedback is helpful, you can send short or detailed feedback.

This report has been developed to automatically identify prescribing patterns at a chemical level which are furthest away from “typical prescribing” and can be classified as an “outlier”. We calculate the number of prescriptions for each chemical in the BNF coding system, the count of all prescriptions within that chemical's BNF subparagraph, for prescriptions dispensed between June 2021 and December 2021. We then calculate the ratio of these counts along with the mean and standard deviation of those ratios across all Practices. From this we can calculate the “z-score”, which is a measure of how many standard deviations a given Practice is from the population mean. We then rank your “z-scores” to find the top 10 results where prescribing is an outlier for prescribing higher than its peers and those where it is an outlier for prescribing lower than its peers.

For each outlier chemical, a kernel density estimation plot of all Practice's chemical:subparagraph ratios is provided, with this Practice's ratio overlaid in red.

It is important to remember that this information was generated automatically and it is therefore likely that some of the behaviour is warranted. This report seeks only to collect information about where this variation may be warranted and where it might not, to inform research on this topic. Our full analytical method code is openly available on GitHub here.

This is a new, experimental feature. We'd love to .

Prescribing where Dykes Hall Medical Centre is higher than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Sulfur 7 Topical preparations for acne 150 0.05 0.0 0.00 100.41
Ketotifen fumarate 33 Antihistamines 1,261 0.03 0.0 0.00 12.21
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate 3 Use of corticosteroids 692 0.00 0.0 0.00 11.79
Clonazepam 1 Drugs used in status epilepticus 10 0.10 0.0 0.01 11.23
Methylcellulose 3 Bulk-forming laxatives 109 0.03 0.0 0.00 7.75
Fluvoxamine maleate 61 Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors 5,526 0.01 0.0 0.00 5.66
Oxycodone hydrochloride/naloxone hydrochloride 68 Opioid analgesics 2,749 0.02 0.0 0.00 4.84
Minoxidil 9 Shampoos and some other scalp preparations 167 0.05 0.0 0.01 4.38
Prazosin hydrochloride 27 Alpha-adrenoceptor blocking drugs 521 0.05 0.0 0.01 3.93
Pilocarpine hydrochloride 23 Treatment of glaucoma 802 0.03 0.0 0.01 3.58

Prescribing where Dykes Hall Medical Centre is lower than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Doxazosin mesilate 494 Alpha-adrenoceptor blocking drugs 521 0.95 0.99 0.02 -2.20
Amoxicillin 463 Broad-spectrum penicillins 653 0.71 0.85 0.07 -2.13
Insulin aspart 131 Short-acting insulins 232 0.56 0.79 0.11 -2.00
Brinzolamide 16 Treatment of glaucoma 802 0.02 0.09 0.04 -1.89
Tamsulosin hydrochloride 667 Drugs for urinary retention 821 0.81 0.92 0.06 -1.80
Insulin glargine 46 Intermediate and long-acting insulins 485 0.09 0.33 0.13 -1.79
Tacrolimus 17 Drugs affecting the immune response 37 0.46 0.81 0.19 -1.78
Vitamin E 0 Vitamin E 9 0.00 0.72 0.41 -1.76
    Mercaptopurine 9 Antimetabolites 34 0.26 0.80 0.35 -1.55
    Beclometasone dipropionate 972 Corticosteroids (respiratory) 2,428 0.40 0.58 0.12 -1.54