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Prototype Prescribing Outlier Dashboard for Tregenna Group Practice

At OpenPrescribing we are piloting a number of data-driven approaches to identify unusual prescribing and collect feedback on this prescribing to inform development of new tools to support prescribers and organisations to audit and review prescribing. These pilot results are provided for the interest of advanced users, although we don't know how relevant they are in practice. There is substantial variation in prescribing behaviours, across various different areas of medicine. Some variation can be explained by demographic changes, or local policies or guidelines, but much of the remaining variation is less easy to explain.

The DataLab is keen to hear your feedback on the results. You can do this by completing the following survey or emailing us at [email protected]. Please DO NOT INCLUDE IDENTIFIABLE PATIENT information in your feedback. All feedback is helpful, you can send short or detailed feedback.

This report has been developed to automatically identify prescribing patterns at a chemical level which are furthest away from “typical prescribing” and can be classified as an “outlier”. We calculate the number of prescriptions for each chemical in the BNF coding system, the count of all prescriptions within that chemical's BNF subparagraph, for prescriptions dispensed between June 2021 and December 2021. We then calculate the ratio of these counts along with the mean and standard deviation of those ratios across all Practices. From this we can calculate the “z-score”, which is a measure of how many standard deviations a given Practice is from the population mean. We then rank your “z-scores” to find the top 10 results where prescribing is an outlier for prescribing higher than its peers and those where it is an outlier for prescribing lower than its peers.

For each outlier chemical, a kernel density estimation plot of all Practice's chemical:subparagraph ratios is provided, with this Practice's ratio overlaid in red.

It is important to remember that this information was generated automatically and it is therefore likely that some of the behaviour is warranted. This report seeks only to collect information about where this variation may be warranted and where it might not, to inform research on this topic. Our full analytical method code is openly available on GitHub here.

This is a new, experimental feature. We'd love to .

Prescribing where Tregenna Group Practice is higher than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Bupivacaine hydrochloride 60 Local anaesthetics 179 0.34 0.01 0.05 7.08
Pentosan polysulfate sodium 3 Oral anticoagulants 1,280 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.81
Rupatadine fumarate 7 Antihistamines 1,328 0.01 0.00 0.00 5.40
Gluten free/low protein bread 12 Foods for special diets 148 0.08 0.01 0.02 3.60
Trospium chloride 120 Drugs for urinary frequency enuresis and incontinence 627 0.19 0.04 0.04 3.58
Travoprost 70 Treatment of glaucoma 481 0.15 0.04 0.03 3.48
Sterculia 29 Bulk-forming laxatives 102 0.28 0.04 0.07 3.45
Cimetidine 41 H2-Receptor antagonists 82 0.50 0.07 0.13 3.23
Estradiol and nomegestrol 2 Combined hormonal contraceptives 190 0.01 0.00 0.00 3.15
Celiprolol hydrochloride 16 Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs 3,536 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.67

Prescribing where Tregenna Group Practice is lower than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Ispaghula husk 73 Bulk-forming laxatives 102 0.72 0.96 0.07 -3.43
Lidocaine hydrochloride 100 Local anaesthetics 179 0.56 0.90 0.13 -2.57
Quinine sulfate 173 Antimalarials 314 0.55 0.90 0.14 -2.54
Lithium carbonate 0 Drugs used for mania and hypomania 163 0.00 0.61 0.28 -2.20
    Prucalopride 0 Other drugs used in constipation 14 0.00 0.71 0.32 -2.19
      Solifenacin 71 Drugs for urinary frequency enuresis and incontinence 627 0.11 0.33 0.11 -1.93
      Amiodarone hydrochloride 0 Drugs for arrhythmias 22 0.00 0.48 0.25 -1.89
        Methylprednisolone acetate 0 Local corticosteroid injections 62 0.00 0.74 0.39 -1.89
          Carbomer 940/980 11 Tear deficiency, eye lubricant/astringent 156 0.07 0.34 0.15 -1.81
          Gliclazide 326 Sulfonylureas 472 0.69 0.93 0.13 -1.75