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Prototype Prescribing Outlier Dashboard for Saraf Medical Practice

At OpenPrescribing we are piloting a number of data-driven approaches to identify unusual prescribing and collect feedback on this prescribing to inform development of new tools to support prescribers and organisations to audit and review prescribing. These pilot results are provided for the interest of advanced users, although we don't know how relevant they are in practice. There is substantial variation in prescribing behaviours, across various different areas of medicine. Some variation can be explained by demographic changes, or local policies or guidelines, but much of the remaining variation is less easy to explain.

The DataLab is keen to hear your feedback on the results. You can do this by completing the following survey or emailing us at [email protected]. Please DO NOT INCLUDE IDENTIFIABLE PATIENT information in your feedback. All feedback is helpful, you can send short or detailed feedback.

This report has been developed to automatically identify prescribing patterns at a chemical level which are furthest away from “typical prescribing” and can be classified as an “outlier”. We calculate the number of prescriptions for each chemical in the BNF coding system, the count of all prescriptions within that chemical's BNF subparagraph, for prescriptions dispensed between June 2021 and December 2021. We then calculate the ratio of these counts along with the mean and standard deviation of those ratios across all Practices. From this we can calculate the “z-score”, which is a measure of how many standard deviations a given Practice is from the population mean. We then rank your “z-scores” to find the top 10 results where prescribing is an outlier for prescribing higher than its peers and those where it is an outlier for prescribing lower than its peers.

For each outlier chemical, a kernel density estimation plot of all Practice's chemical:subparagraph ratios is provided, with this Practice's ratio overlaid in red.

It is important to remember that this information was generated automatically and it is therefore likely that some of the behaviour is warranted. This report seeks only to collect information about where this variation may be warranted and where it might not, to inform research on this topic. Our full analytical method code is openly available on GitHub here.

This is a new, experimental feature. We'd love to .

Prescribing where Saraf Medical Practice is higher than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Sodium fusidate 1 Some other antibacterials 1 1.00 0.01 0.06 15.30
Dronedarone hydrochloride 12 Drugs for arrhythmias 18 0.67 0.02 0.06 10.45
Alkyl sulfate 1 Shampoos and some other scalp preparations 26 0.04 0.00 0.01 5.92
Atenolol with calcium channel blocker 3 Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs 1,080 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.88
Benzoyl peroxide 12 Topical preparations for acne 26 0.46 0.08 0.07 5.57
Nitrazepam 35 Hypnotics 122 0.29 0.04 0.05 5.27
Amantadine hydrochloride 7 Dopaminergic drugs used in parkinsonism 29 0.24 0.03 0.04 5.21
Promazine hydrochloride 53 Antipsychotic drugs 312 0.17 0.01 0.04 4.21
Ciclosporin (Eye Anti Inflammatory) 8 Other anti-inflammatory preparations 20 0.40 0.07 0.08 4.07
Diamorphine hydrochloride (Systemic) 5 Opioid analgesics 632 0.01 0.00 0.00 4.03

Prescribing where Saraf Medical Practice is lower than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Sodium cromoglicate 2 Other anti-inflammatory preparations 20 0.10 0.64 0.19 -2.86
Coal tar 0 Shampoos and some other scalp preparations 26 0.00 0.40 0.15 -2.66
    Finasteride 27 Male sex hormones and antagonists 49 0.55 0.82 0.11 -2.35
    Isosorbide mononitrate 16 Nitrates 34 0.47 0.72 0.11 -2.34
    Spironolactone 12 Potassium-sparing diuretics and aldosterone antagonists 30 0.40 0.72 0.14 -2.32
    Famotidine 2 H2-Receptor antagonists 6 0.33 0.81 0.21 -2.28
    Bendroflumethiazide 44 Thiazides and related diuretics 204 0.22 0.57 0.16 -2.25
    Donepezil hydrochloride 11 Drugs for dementia 122 0.09 0.49 0.18 -2.17
    Benzoyl peroxide and clindamycin phosphate 3 Topical preparations for acne 26 0.12 0.38 0.13 -1.93
    Amiodarone hydrochloride 0 Drugs for arrhythmias 18 0.00 0.48 0.25 -1.89